The Traveler’s Guide To Extreme Locations – The Situation: Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the small Caucasus nation of Armenia has often been embroiled in conflict. Armenia’s Nagorno-Karabakh war, a 1,700-square-kilometer conflict with Azerbaijan, ended with a ceasefire in 1994, leaving Armenia technically in control of what is now ethnic Armenian territory. a self-proclaimed, often unrecognized Republican. Despite occasional skirmishes along the Karabakh border, Armenia today boasts a safe and growing tourist infrastructure, mostly family-run B&Bs and agritourism-style lodges, that allow visitors to experience the country’s stunning and often underreported natural and architectural beauty. .
Why you should go now: Few people know that in 301, Armenia was the first country in the world to adopt Christianity as its state religion. Armenia’s ancient temples are numerous ruins nestling in the green canyons and mountain passes of the countryside. – among the best preserved in the world. While most other Christian churches are decorated with colorful frescoes that have faded or been destroyed, the carved stone lions of the cliff-side Geghard Monastery and the intricately carved khachkars (stone tombs) of Sanahi are testaments to the creative power of one of the world. the oldest and least known civilizations. Armenia’s churches are not the only attractions of the countryside. The wildflower-covered hills and valleys here are more accessible than Georgia’s steep mountain roads – just outside Yerevan, full of pagan temples like Garni and spa towns like Dilijan, nicknamed the ‘Switzerland of Armenia’.
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Don’t miss: Most tourists concentrate around Yerevan, the quiet, mainly Soviet-era capital. But half a day’s drive from Yerevan ($50 with a reliable taxi driver) is Goris, nestled among the caves and cliffs of Armenia’s blue south and among the country’s most scenic spots. A walk through the historic village takes you past the Old Hndzoresk cave villages, a short bus ride to the ninth-century mountain monastery, once the capital of Armenian culture and learning, accessible by one of the world’s longest cable cars. In Goris, a unique mountaineer’s B&B (from $20 per night, including meals) boasts home-cooked meals, fresh herbs, and balcony views of Old Goris.
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Practical advice: Although violence is not uncommon on the Nagorno-Karabakh border, the occasional flare-up can be fatal, so it’s important to be aware of the situation on the ground before heading south, especially to the border towns of Goris or Tatev. . If you’re planning to visit Azerbaijan after Armenia, be aware that border control may look down on your previous travels and even encourage you to avoid offensive photos (or guidebooks). If the Azeri authorities suspect that you have visited Nagorno-Karabakh, you may be denied entry outright.
Status: petty crime. Robbery. Muggings. Drugs. Central America’s reputation has not been the most impressive in recent years, as the spread of drug trafficking from Mexico and South America has made the region a hotbed of drug-related violence. Nicaragua is not far from a stereotype for some of its neighbors—Honduras and Guatemala are among the world’s most violent countries, and even in statistically safer countries like Costa Rica and Panama, homicide rates have risen over the past decade. But while Nicaragua is one of the poorest countries in Latin America, it is also one of the safest. The homicide rate is only 11 per 100,000 people (compared to 82 in Honduras). Compared to Nicaragua, gang-related violence makes it an ideal spot for exploring Central American culture.
Why go now: Nicaragua’s two coastlines—though the country borders the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean—have long made its shores a popular destination for coastal (and bacchanalian)-minded tourists, with less-recognized recent government investment in infrastructure like new roads. mainly the Rio San Juan region opened up the province as an eco-tourism center. Roam through ferns at Indio Maíz Biological Reserve, a colorful nature park home to toucans, wild boars, macaws and even manatees; at the nearby Rio Indio Adventures Lodge (from $185 per person), one of the area’s newest eco-lodges, monkeys watch over the breakfast buffet.
Don’t miss: Although foreigners often reduce Central American food to rice and beans, Nicaraguan cuisine is famous for its fusion of Spanish, Creole and South American influences. Don’t leave Nicaragua without leaving – slabs of puffed fried pork skin and cabbage soup, greedily eaten with fingers, or nacatamales, the Nicaraguan version of the tamale: a flat boiled dough filled with corn dough, meat, and rice. and earthy, bright-red achiote powder.
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Pro tip: Although Nicaragua’s crime rate is significantly lower than many of its neighbors, it’s important to be vigilant, especially in Nicaragua’s capital, Managua. Travelers who walk too far off the beaten path can be targeted; if you can, hire a local guide—someone skilled in navigating unfamiliar urban areas or navigating hostile interactions. The Viva Spanish School in Managua also offers formal Spanish lessons to US Embassy staff, with everything from day trips to nature reserves to a visit to the Roberto Huembes market tomorrow for around $20.
Situation on the ground: Although Kathmandu and Nepal have long attracted adventure tourists, the April 2015 earthquake that killed 8,000,000 people and caused nearly $10 billion in damage (half of Nepal’s GDP) crippled the country’s tourism industry. . Kathmandu’s Durbar Square, a UNESCO-listed 10th-century palace complex, is partially destroyed, as is one of Kathmandu’s most iconic structures: the 19th-century Dharahara Temple.
A year later, the situation in Nepal is not as stable as before. While several of Kathmandu’s most popular tourist attractions were damaged or destroyed by the earthquake, the stupa, which includes the remains of the fifth-century Pashupatinath temple and Boudhanath, which is currently under restoration, is largely intact.
Why go now: The power may not last forever (and neither will the paved roads), but Nepal’s appeal remains for travelers willing to sacrifice a level of comfort for a sense of adventure. Deeply dependent on the tourism trade, Nepal’s economy needs more than visitors. Although the earthquake damaged Nepal’s man-made structures, mountain trails, including the famous Annapurna Circuit in the snowy shadow of the Himalayas, remain accessible. Of the 35 listed roads in Nepal, only two were rerouted due to the earthquake, and last summer all bridges on the Annapurna Road were successfully tested for safety.
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Don’t miss: Unless you’re on a seven-day trek through the Himalayan desert, Kathmandu has plenty of activities to offer. The tradition of Himalayan musical instruments, bell-like structures created before, during, or after Buddhist meditation, has a long history in Nepal. Cultural centers such as the Kathmandu Healing Center offer three-day intensive jam workshops (from $300) where you can learn the art of playing jams to “make a statement.”
Practical advice: Although trekking in Nepal will be slightly affected by the Nepal earthquake, it will not be an extreme travel hazard. Altitude sickness is a serious risk on the Annapurna Pass, which climbs to 17,762 feet above sea level. Plan ahead, increase your altitude, and take rest days along the way to acclimatize. Although mild responses to elevated blood pressure are common, more severe cases can be fatal. Descend immediately if you show any symptoms of acute mountain sickness, such as shortness of breath, fainting or coughing up blood while you are resting.
State of the art: Until recently, visiting Iran was a completely unviable proposition for the average American. Cold diplomatic relations (or lack thereof), including a trade embargo, and the aftermath of the 2011 protests have made Iran inaccessible and dangerous; Americans can obtain a visa to visit Iran, a long and arduous process, only on a full-time basis from a licensed tour operator or guide.
But this year’s landmark nuclear deal between the US and Iran has made Iran more accessible than ever to American tourists. While visa rules remain restrictive, expect to travel with guides – the government is showing some signs of easing: electronic visa applications are expected to come into effect for some countries this year, and the standard tourist visa has been extended from 15 to 30 days. Following the nuclear deal, Iran has been publicizing a battery of infrastructure projects designed to boost tourism and foreign investment, including the arrival of branches of the Ibis and Novotel hotel chains in Iran.
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Why go now: Since the nuclear deal was signed, Iran’s 19 UNESCO World Heritage sites, from the magnificent ruins of Persepolis, once the capital of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, to the 18th-century Golestan Palace in Tehran have been decorated with gardens and attention. The painted tile facades of the 16th-century capital Ispiha are more accessible than ever. The former seat of some of the Middle East and Central Asia’s most prominent descendants is filled with natural, not to mention spectacular, architecture. Although Americans are still rare (3,400 visitors
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